Dinda, Subhajit Zoumpourlis, Vassilis Thomaidis, Nikolaos S.

^ Dinda, Biswanath Kyriakopoulos, Anthony M.

Archived from the original on 8 March 2007. 'The Macedonian Sarrissa, Spear and Related Armor'.

^ a b Markle, Minor M., III (Summer 1977).

The wood is heavier than water and does not float, therefore it is used for tools, machine parts, etc. 'Some nutritional, pomological and physical properties of cornelian cherry ( Cornus mas L.)'. The Chinese Medicinal Herb Farm: A Cultivator's Guide to Small-scale Organic Herb Production.

’Variegata’ (variegated leaves, glossy red fruit).

'Golden Glory' (profuse yellow flowers, shiny red berries).

’Aurea’ (yellow leaves and flowers, red fruit).

The following cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit (confirmed 2017): The appreciation of the early acid-yellow flowers is largely a 20th-century development. Gerard said it was to be found in the gardens 'of such as love rare and dainty plants'. William Turner had only heard of the plant in 1548, but by 1551 he had heard of one at Hampton Court Palace.

The shrub was not native to the British Isles. This is Cornus mas Theophrasti, or Theophrastus his male Cornell tree for he ſetteth downe two ſortes of Cornell trees, the male and the female: he maketh the wood of the male to bee ſound as in this Cornell tree which we both for this cauſe and for others alſo, haue made to be the male the female is that which is commonly called Virga ſanguinea, or Dogs berrie tree, and Cornus ſylveſtris, or the wild Cornell tree, of which alſo we will intreate of in the next chap. Name Ĭornus mas, 'male' cornel, was named so to distinguish it from the true dogberry, the 'female' cornel, Cornus sanguinea, and so it appears in John Gerard's Herbal: The leaves (and fruit) are used in traditional medicine in Central and Southwest Asia. In Italy, the mazzarella, uncino or bastone, the stick carried by the butteri or mounted herdsmen of the Maremma region, is traditionally made of cornel-wood, there called crognolo or grugnale, dialect forms of Italian: corniolo. The wood's association with weaponry was so well known that the Greek name for it was used as a synonym for 'spear' in poetry during the fourth and third centuries BC. Ĭornus mas was used from the seventh century BC onward by Greek craftsmen to construct spears, javelins and bows, the craftsmen considering it far superior to any other wood.

This density makes it valuable for crafting into tool handles, parts for machines, etc. mas is extremely dense and, unlike the wood of most other woody plant species, sinks in water. While Cornus mas flowers are not as large and vibrant as those of the Forsythia, the entire plant can be used for a similar effect in the landscape. The species is also grown as an ornamental plant for its late winter yellow flowers, which open earlier than those of Forsythia.

Cornus mas bark